In biblical tradition, fasting is a spiritual discipline designed to draw believers closer to God through prayer, repentance, and self-denial. Seen as a means of seeking divine guidance or expressing sorrow for sin, it is exemplified in Jesus’ 40-day fast in the wilderness (Matthew 4:1-2). In the Old Testament, fasting is also portrayed as a communal practice, such as in the Book of Esther, where Queen Esther calls for a fast to seek God's intervention before approaching the king to save the Jewish people (Esther 4:16). This act underscores fasting's role in times of crisis, emphasizing reliance on divine power.

Biblical fasting is more than the mere abstention from food; it is a means of spiritual alignment and renewal. In Isaiah 58, the prophet challenges superficial fasting, urging it to be accompanied by acts of justice and compassion. The practice of Lent in Christianity, which mirrors Jesus' 40 days of fasting, serves as a modern reflection of this biblical tradition, inviting believers to observe a period of penance, prayer, and reflection in preparation for Easter. Lent continues the biblical call for fasting to foster humility, deepen one's relationship with God, and inspire spiritual transformation.